Assessing Graduate Achievement and Professional Competencies through PEO Attainment in TVET Education

Abstract

Abstract— This study presents the assessment of Programme Educational Objectives (PEOs) attainment for the Diploma in Electrical Engineering (DET) programme at Politeknik Premier Kota Bharu, conducted in accordance with Outcome-Based Education (OBE) principles and accreditation requirements. The study evaluates graduates’ career and professional achievements three to five years after graduation, focusing on the 2021 cohort. A total of 124 out of 144 graduates responded to a structured online survey, representing a high response rate of 86.1%, which exceeds institutional benchmarks and the recommended sample size. The assessment covers four PEO domains: technical competency (PEO1), professional ethics and societal responsibility (PEO2), entrepreneurial and innovation engagement (PEO3), and continuous professional development (PEO4). The findings indicate that all PEOs have successfully achieved their respective targets. PEO1 recorded an attainment of 90.3%, reflecting strong employability and technical capability among graduates. PEO2 achieved 98.4%, demonstrating excellent ethical conduct and societal contribution. PEO3 attained 42.7%, slightly exceeding the target and indicating moderate involvement in entrepreneurial and innovation-related activities. Meanwhile, PEO4 recorded 73.4%, showing good engagement in lifelong learning and career advancement. Overall, the results confirm the effectiveness of the DET programme in producing competent, ethical, and industry-relevant graduates. However, the study highlights the need to further enhance entrepreneurial participation and strengthen continuous professional development initiatives. The findings provide valuable input for continuous quality improvement (CQI) efforts to ensure sustained programme relevance and alignment with evolving industry demands.

Keywords— Programme Educational Objectives, Outcome-Based Education, TVET Graduates, PEO Attainment, Graduate Employability